Without effective prevention and prosecution, crack advance in capital and medium sized Brazilian cities
This article was translated by an automatic translation system, and was therefore not reviewed by people.
Marco Antonio Sunny
Reporter Agency Brazil
Brasília - In the wake of the lack of public power and society in relation to prevention, the prevention and treatment of the effects of drugs, consumption of the crack moves with resourcefulness in Brazil and is increasing reports of its severity in major capitals and cities of the interior .
Experts heard by the Agency Brazil point to a possible epidemic of this by-product of cocaine, which causes addiction aggressive, social exclusion of the user and family breakdown, and encourage crime.
A recent study conducted in Salvador, São Paulo, Porto Alegre and Rio de Janeiro detected an increase in the number of crack users in treatment in clinics or hospital care for the addicted to alcohol and drugs. They account for 40% to 50% of individuals in treatment, depending on the clinic and its location. The average age of users of crack (31 years) is lower than that of other patients in treatment (42 years). Among those dependent on drugs, 52% are unemployed.
The survey was coordinated by psychiatrist Felix Kessler, vice director of the Center for Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and member of the Brazilian Association of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (ABEAD).
In the daily care of a dependent in Porto Alegre, Kessler says the strong presence of drugs inside.
"In the San Pedro Hospital, the number of users of crack from the inside is very large. The ten patients who seek the emergency psychiatric hospital, about seven are users of crack from the inside," says Kessler.
In Minas Gerais, medium-sized cities, as Governador Valadares, Montes Claros and Uberaba, have three years of high homicide rates among young people which coincide with the increase in seizures of crack.
According Sapori Luis, coordinator of the Center for Studies and Research in Public Safety of the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), the drug is also present 10 years ago throughout the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, with greater weight in the cities of Contagem , Betim, Ribeirão das Neves and Ibirité. In the historic city of Ouro Preto, young student attending the republics admit in private conversation, that the crack began to be consumed in recent years.
"We conclude that the categorical form of crack reached the interior of Minas Gerais. And it must take to reach municipalities with fewer than 50 inhabitants. Unfortunately, the crack has become the main drug market. He has a marketing component that exceeds by far cocaine, "says Sapori, in allusion to the fact that the crack has broader consumer market and create a dependency more aggressive, which leads the user to spend more with the habit.
Center for Substance Abuse in Mining, ambulatory care unit maintained by the state government, ten years, depending on crack for 5% of the total. Data from 2008 indicate that they account for 25% of demand, surpassing the dependency of cocaine and marijuana.
Caruaru, Pernambuco in the rough, and Petrolina, in the jungle near the Rio São Francisco, which are poles together belts of the smaller cities and now have clear expansion in the crack.
"These are regions where the crack came in recent years, and the problem is not only the metropolitan area. The concept of an epidemic is a metaphor for instigating think this explosion of crack in municipalities of medium and large companies in Brazil," he says Jose Luiz Ratton, coordinator of the Center for Research on Crime, Violence and Public Policy of Security of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE).
In Rio de Janeiro, as in slums and Jacarezinho Manguinhos, which historically were free of crack, 3 years ago formed cracolândias up with the "blessing" of criminals who have, in the drug, a chance to expand their profits.
"It's impressive. At any time of day, we see children and adolescents taking the drugs and lying on the floor. Areas dominated by the Red Command faction began to sell and this is as a tsunami," describes the sociologist Sílvia Ramos, coordinator of the Center for Studies Security and Citizenship at the University Cândido Mendes.
In the Federal District, points to market are scattered almost all the satellite cities. The sale is also in the central city, near the Esplanade of Ministries.
In the mid 1990s, users of cocaine and crack were responsible for less than one fifth of the demand on outpatient services related to illegal drugs. Today they account for 50% to 80% of the demand. In recent years, the crack also began to gain ground among groups with higher income, although the drug still be more common among low-income classes.
Source: Agência Brasil
This article was translated by an automatic translation system, and was therefore not reviewed by people.
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