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Created by the American Charles Goodyear, the tire came through the discovery of vulcanization of rubber after mixing it with sulfur at high temperatures. Key contact with the ground of the car, if it is in poor condition or with the wrong size may not only jeopardize the safety of vehicle occupants but also hinder the performance of the car.

You may have noticed that the tire of your car has a series of words and numbers written on their side. There are included important information about the characteristics of the tire, its diameter until the indicator of the maximum speed it can run safely.

Know the structure of a tire:

Synthetic rubber cover
This layer acts as a camera, stop the air.

Carcass
Consisting of plies of polyester, nylon or steel placed in right angles, this structure allows the tire's resistance to factors such as pressure, weight and impact.

Coupons
Are wired for high-strength steel to keep the tire on the rim of the wheel set.

Side

Are the sides of the carcass. Coated with a mixture of rubber flexible and resistant to fatigue, protects the tire of shocks that may damage the carcass.

Lonas
Beam of SWR very thin and resistant obliquely crossed and glued to each other forming triangles fixed. Called triangulation, this must be rigid and flexible to withstand the deformation of the surface barriers.

, Tires
Part of the tire that is in direct contact with the ground. It is prepared on the canvas and get the design of the tire filled with parts (or blocks cookies) and parts not met, known as sulci. They offer grip, traction, stability and resistance to wear, abrasion and overheating.

Durability topography X
The tires, in general, does not have an expiry date stipulated. However, it is known that the rubber tends to lose its quality over time. The most common is the appearance of dryness and cracking.

That is why a steppe "never run" a car in 1995, for example, can not be trusted. Rules of the road, a tire must bear from 40 to 100 thousand kilometers, depending on the power and weight of the car, the type of conduct and care of the user, in addition to the use that can be off-road, sports, urban, road, among others.

Durability can also vary according to how important the topography of the city. For a city like São Paulo (SP), the tires can last between 70 thousand kilometers and 100 thousand kilometers, while for a city with irregular topography and Belo Horizonte (MG), the tires can last between 40 thousand and 50 thousand kilometers km km. That is, the recommendation of the experts is that the vehicle is reviewed by a skilled professional at most every 10 thousand kilometers.

Rotation of tires
The tire balancing and alignment should be done every 5 thousand km. But the rotation of tires is recommended every 10 thousand kilometers. This exchange aims to maintain the same level of wear on all tires, ensuring a balance in the stability and adhesion of the vehicle floor in dry or wet.

Tires front and rear working with loads of vehicles, manure and frenagens different causes wear different. To increase the lifetime and performance tires, it is essential to the rotation as recommended by the manufacturer as to the mileage and the disposal of tires in the rotation.

  Pressure under control
It is worth remembering that the correct pressure is the soul of the tires. Among many goals, the appropriate pressure is important for the following factors:

- Ensures security and maintain stability during the running of the vehicle.

- Increases durability. Tire-pressure 20% below the recommended reducing its useful life of around 30%.

- Saves fuel. Pressures around 20% lower than recommended can increase fuel consumption by up to 3%.

Calibration, alignment and balancing

Calibrate the tires every 15 days when cold, ie with at most three kilometers run. The ideal pressure is on the manufacturer's manual or the driver's door.
The alignment should be performed when the driver felt that the vehicle is misbehaving, or pulling to one side.

The balance should be done whenever you see any shake the wheel. Correctly balanced wheels help to minimize uneven wear and extend the useful life of tires. When the wheels are balanced - usually every 10 thousand kilometers - are small pieces of lead to make their weight uniform. Tires and wheels must be balanced when the tire rotation done and after the installation of new tires.

  'Half Life'
When the depth of the grooves is about 3.5 mm, popularly called by tire "half life", the rotation is no longer necessary, as soon will be time to replace.

According to the Brazilian Traffic Code, the tire should be replaced when they reach the deep grooves of 1.6 mm. This measure can be detected when the wear reaches the lower slots, denoted by the symbol TWI (Tread Wear Indicator). If bubbles or deformation, the tire should be replaced as soon as possible, regardless of the depth of their grooves as the tire is structurally compromised.

When we have new tires on an axle and worn on the other axis, we have an imbalance between the strong performances. In case of assembly of only two new tires, they should be mounted on the rear axle. The tires in better condition for use should always be fitted because of the stability of the vehicle in the rear axle.

The most important thing is always seeking information. Not always what is cheap is bad, but it is good know. And remember to maintain proper tire pressure, so you can guarantee a good life and saves fuel.



Source: G1

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